יד ואף ר' ישמעאל ברבי יוסי מטא
14 If he is none of these, he is a thief; arrest him.' The report [of this conversation] was brought to the Court, and the order was given: 'Let the reader of the letter become the messenger.'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Let him who gave the advice carry it out. ');"><sup>14</sup></span> R. Eleazar, son of R. Simeon, was accordingly sent for, and he proceeded to arrest the thieves. Thereupon R. Joshua, son of Karhah, sent word to him, 'Vinegar, son of wine!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Degenerate son of a righteous father. ');"><sup>15</sup></span> How long will you deliver up the people of our God for slaughter!' Back came the reply: 'I weed out thorns from the vineyard.' Whereupon R. Joshua retorted: 'Let the owner of the vineyard himself [God] come and weed out the thorns.' One day a fuller met him, and dubbed him: 'Vinegar, son of wine.' Said the Rabbi to himself, 'Since he is so insolent, he is certainly a culprit.' So he gave the order to his attendant: 'Arrest him! Arrest him!' When his anger cooled, he went after him in order to secure his release, but did not succeed. Thereupon he applied to him, [the fuller] the verse: Whoso keepeth his mouth and his tongue, keepeth his soul from troubles.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Prov. XXI, 23. ');"><sup>16</sup></span> Then they hanged him, and he [R. Eleazar son of R. Simeon] stood under the gallows and wept. Said they [his disciples] to him: 'Master, do not grieve; for he and his son seduced a betrothed maiden on the Day of Atonement.' [On hearing this,] he laid his hand upon his heart<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'his inwards'. ');"><sup>17</sup></span> and exclaimed: 'Rejoice, my heart! If matters on which thou [sc. the heart] art doubtful are thus,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Seen to be just. He was doubtful whether the man had really merited hanging. But now he saw that he was, for the seduction of a betrothed maiden is punished by stoning, and all who are stoned are hung. ');"><sup>18</sup></span> how much more so those on which thou art certain! I am well assured that neither worms nor decay will have power over thee.' Yet in spite of this, his conscience disquieted him. Thereupon he was given a sleeping draught, taken into a marble chamber,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' An operating theatre(?) ');"><sup>19</sup></span> and had his abdomen opened, and basketsful of fat removed from him and placed in the sun during Tammuz and Ab,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The summer months, corresponding to about June and July. ');"><sup>20</sup></span> and yet it did not putrefy.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This was taken as a sign that he had acted rightly and would be proof against decay. ');"><sup>21</sup></span> But no fat putrefies!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rashi: unless flesh adheres to it. ');"><sup>22</sup></span> — [True,] no fat putrefies; nevertheless, if it contains red streaks,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which are a fleshy substance. ');"><sup>23</sup></span> it does. But here, though it contained red streaks, it did not. Thereupon he applied to himself the verse, <i>My flesh too shall dwell in safety</i>.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ps. XVI, 9. ');"><sup>24</sup></span> A similar thing<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Viz., that he became an informer to the State. ');"><sup>25</sup></span> befell R. Ishmael son of R. Jose.